CAML

CAML is Collaborative Application Markup Language (CAML) is an XML based language that is used in Windows SharePoint Services to define the fields and views used by sites and lists. CAML is also used to define tables in the Windows SharePoint Services database during site provisioning.

Site Customization using CAML
CAML can be used in various ways to customize a SharePoint site, including the following,

• In script or code that implements members of the Windows SharePoint Services object model, where CAML strings are passed through method parameters, assigned to properties, or returned by methods and properties
• In SOAP messaging that passes CAML strings to a Windows SharePoint Services Web service to interact remotely with a deployment
• In front-end site definitions used to instantiate SharePoint sites
• In Features to add specific functionality within a particular scope